Speeksel als biomarker voor de opsporing van parodontale aandoeningen

In epidemiologisch bevolkingsonderzoek blijken parodontale aandoeningen lastig vast te stellen. Langzamerhand komen er aanwijzingen dat speeksel wel eens een belangrijk hulpmiddel kan zijn voor de opsporing van deze aandoeningen. De resultaten van een onderzoek laten zien dat biomarkers in het speeksel inderdaad zijn te gebruiken om bij mensen het risico op parodontale aandoeningen te bepalen.

The aim of this study was to investigate if known salivary biomarkers could be used for epidemiological studies for detection of periodontitis.A randomly selected sample of adults (20-89 years) living in Southern Sweden were invited to participate. Four hundred and fifty-one individuals were examined clinically using standard examination procedures. Stimulated saliva samples were collected and analysed for concentrations of IL-1β, -6, -8, lysozyme, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-8 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 using ELISA, immunofluorometric assay or Luminex assays. Patients with severe periodontitis presented with elevated salivary concentrations of IL-1β (p < 0.001) and MMP-8 (p < 0.001). In addition, the MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio was significantly higher in the severe periodontitis group (p < 0.001). Smokers compared with non-smokers showed slightly lower concentrations of IL-8 (p < 0.05) and MMP-8 (p = 0.052). This investigation shows that IL-1β, MMP-8 and the ratio of MMP-8/TIMP-1 could be used as markers of periodontal disease in larger patient populations.

Bron
Rathnayake N, Akerman S, Klinge B, et al. Salivary biomarkers of oral health - a cross-sectional study. J Clin Periodontol 2013; 40: 140-147. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12038. Epub 2012 Nov 22.