White spot lesions are early demineralisations and therefore constitute an impairment to healthy enamel. The emergence of white spot lesions is one of the main risks of damage during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. White spot lesions may partially recover, but will remain visible in most cases. The treatment for post-orthodontic white spot lesions is a step-by-step strategy. Treatment is aimed at remineralising the affected enamel, without hyper-mineralising the surface layer. Subsequently, treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions is aimed at reducing their visibility. Such treatment options focus on minimally invasive treatment techniques, before choosing an invasive treatment. More randomised clinical trials are needed to substantiate the evidence-based treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions. Clinical practice guidelines are being developed for the care and treatment of orthodontic white spot lesions.